Bayannuur (in Mongolian it means abundant lakes as the region is famous for its numerous lakes and the freshwater lake Ulansuhai Nur). It is located in the western part of Inner Mongolia, lying between Hetao Plain and Urad grassland. The city covers an area of 64,000 square kilometers and its permanent population is 1.67 million, with 7 banners under its administration.

Bayannuur is advantageous with agriculture and animal husbandry conditions. The Yellow River flows through the city, and Hetao irrigation area is Asia’s largest gravity irrigation area, which can irrigate 10 million mu (0.67 million hectares). All of these factors have made the area an important agricultural and livestock production and processing base in not just the autonomous region but the entire country. The city is known as the "Frontier Jiangnan (the region south of the Yangtze River)” and is also famous for its fruit vegetation.

Bayannuur is rich in natural, historical and cultural resources. More than 300 places in the area have been found processing abundant mineral resources with more than 63 varieties, among which the reserves of sulfur, zinc, lead, zeolite, bentonite, silver, cadmium, lithium, gallium, flux, silica, dolomite, and mica are the largest in the district, while ranking second in the reserves of copper, nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese, chromium and phosphorus. Bayan Manduhu in Urad Rear Banner is known as the "dinosaur kingdom", and nearly 153 cliff painting groups and more than 50,000 cliff paintings have been found in the valleys.

In 2023, the GDP of Bayannuur city reached 116.11 billion yuan, with an increase of 7.9 percent over the previous year. Looking at the breakdown by industry, the added value of its primary industry was 30.99 billion yuan, an increase of 7.9 percent over the previous year; the added value of its secondary industry came in at 37.85 billion yuan, seeing a year-on-year increase of 8.9 percent from that in 2022; and the added value of its tertiary industry hit 47.26 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 7.4 percent. 

The contribution ratio of Bayannuur's three industries to its GDP was 25.9 percent, 32.2 percent and 41.9 percent, respectively.

Additionally, the per capita GDP in Bayannuur reached 76,893 yuan, an increase of 9.0 percent over the previous year.