The Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, established in March 2017, focuses on cognitive brain circuits and neuropsychiatric diseases. It aims to provide individualized prevention and intervention through interdisciplinary research, integrating genetics, imaging, and behavior for major brain disorders, from basic research to clinical application.

The Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health Across the Life Course focuses on identifying major health issues, risk factors, and health promotion strategies across the human lifespan. It emphasizes maternal-infant health, adolescent development, and elderly well-being. The lab leads in cohort studies and translational research, aiming to uncover risk factor accumulation, social determinants, long-term impacts, and intergenerational effects. With a full-chain research model, it develops original technologies for health governance, serving Anhui and beyond. The lab is a leader in training PhD and master's students in population health and environmental eugenics.

The Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research, a collaborative provincial-level lab, addresses critical needs in oral diseases. Aligned with national and regional health strategies, it focuses on the mechanisms and prevention of oral diseases, fostering rapid development in oral healthcare. The laboratory has research platforms for biomaterials, microbiology, cellular and molecular research, and animal studies, as well as facilities supporting the translation of research findings into clinical applications. Research areas include engineered bone construction, biomimetic mineralization for dental tissue regeneration, trigeminal neuralgia mechanisms, periodontal treatment and drug development, medical nanomaterials, and stem cell applications in oral medicine.

The Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Reproductive Disorders and Obstetric and Gynaecology Diseases focuses on the mechanisms and clinical applications related to gamete and reproductive tract development abnormalities. It features platforms for child development monitoring, birth defect prevention, male infertility gene diagnosis, fertility preservation, and reproductive cohort studies. Key research areas include the genetic and environmental causes of infertility-related diseases like POI, PCOS, and azoospermia. The lab explores innovative treatments, including ovarian tissue activation, gene chip diagnostics, and enhanced embryo culture techniques, aiming to improve assisted reproductive technology outcomes and promote clinical applications.

The Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes is at the forefront of global research, addressing critical national needs in environmental protection and public health. Established in 2012, the lab focuses on the toxic mechanisms of pollutants and their effects on organisms, with four main research areas: reproductive toxicity, developmental disease mechanisms, multi-organ immune toxicity, and chemical safety assessment. Equipped with advanced facilities and a high-level research team, the lab aims to achieve significant breakthroughs in environmental toxicology and contribute to local economic and social development.