With an abundance of wild mountain plants, Inner Mongolia has 2,351 species of flora, with 2,167 wild species and 184 types of imported plants.

With an abundance of wild mountain plants, Inner Mongolia has 2,351 species of flora, with 2,167 wild species and 184 types of imported plants. The region has more than 70 types of plants, including the Mongolian pine and larch tamarisk, which provide raw materials for paper, weaving, rope, and artificial fibers.

The wild animals in Inner Mongolia can also be classified into more than a dozen categories according to their commercial uses. 

It also has more than 500 herbal medicines, including ginseng, gastrodins and ephedra, and dozens of plants such as hazelnut and apricot whose seeds are used for their oil. Its bilberry and raspberries are good for making drinks and its sea buckthorn and wild hawthorn are rich in vitamins. Other plants, including lilium and amarillaceae, are used for printing, dyeing and starch, while korshinskii and Artemisia amongst others are useful in sand-stabilization, alkalization treatment, and environmental protection.

Wildlife

The region has 114 species of wild animals, 25 percent of China's total with more than 50 a source of commercial value and 364 bird species accounting for 31 percent of China's total 

More than a dozen species are listed as rare animals, and 49 species of animals and birds are under national protection. The Mongolian wild ass and camel are rare animals and its reindeer are exclusive to Inner Mongolia, while the regional bird is the lark. There are also many rodents on the Inner Mongolia Prairie - about 54 species in all, or 35 percent of China's total.